The effects of soil moisture on the energy balance at the bare soil surface.

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A knowledge of soil surface thermal properties and an understanding of the interaction between the air and soil surface layer are crucial to improve the performance of current numerical weather forecasting model. When solar radiation reaches the soil surface, this energy flux is redistributed in the sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, soil heat flux, and long wave radiative energy flux by which the energy balance is maintained. The relative magnitude of each of these redistributed energy balance components is deeply influenced by the soil surface conditions. For example, the soil surface albedo, the canopy density, and the soil thermal properties such as the soil thermal conductivity or diffusivity are all affected by the soil moisture regime. In order to study the redistribution of solar energy and energy balance at the soil surface which is affected by the soil thermal properties, field observations were carried out and numerical experiments were conducted by solving the partial differential equation for heat conduction. The field observations took place at the Environmental Research Center of Tsukuba University, Japan during July to August 1982 and July to August 1983. The ...

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